diff --git a/server/api/service.go b/server/api/service.go
index a4698241..d7b5ef4e 100644
--- a/server/api/service.go
+++ b/server/api/service.go
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/cosmic-clash/cosmic-clash/server/domain"
+	"github.com/cosmic-clash/cosmic-clash/server/observability"
 )
 
 const maxBodyBytes = 8 << 10
@@ -116,9 +117,21 @@ type Service struct {
 	RankedProfiles   map[string]domain.RankedProfile
 	TierPolicy       domain.TierPolicy
 	RateLimiter      *RateLimiter
-	proposalMu       sync.Mutex
-	eventsMu         sync.Mutex
-	events           *eventHub
+	// Log receives a credential-safe structured event for lifecycle-relevant
+	// mutations (currently: server registration and result submission). Nil
+	// is a valid, silent no-op -- every call site must stay optional so
+	// existing Service literals that don't set it keep working unchanged.
+	Log        func(observability.Event)
+	proposalMu sync.Mutex
+	eventsMu   sync.Mutex
+	events     *eventHub
+}
+
+// logEvent is a nil-safe wrapper so call sites never need their own guard.
+func (s *Service) logEvent(event observability.Event) {
+	if s.Log != nil {
+		s.Log(event)
+	}
 }
 
 func (s *Service) Handler() http.Handler {
@@ -431,6 +444,7 @@ func (s *Service) serverMutation(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 	now := s.now()
 	binding, err := s.WorkloadVerify(partsAuth[1], now)
 	if err != nil || binding.ServerID != parts[0] {
+		s.logEvent(observability.Event{Event: "server_" + parts[1], ServerID: parts[0], Stage: "unauthorized", OccurredAt: now})
 		writeError(w, http.StatusUnauthorized, "unauthorized")
 		return
 	}
@@ -440,17 +454,26 @@ func (s *Service) serverMutation(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 			return
 		}
 		if input.MatchID == "" || input.MatchID != binding.MatchID || input.ProtocolVersion < 1 || !validImageDigest(input.ImageDigest) {
+			s.logEvent(observability.Event{Event: "server_register", MatchID: binding.MatchID, ServerID: parts[0], Stage: "rejected", OccurredAt: now})
 			writeError(w, http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "invalid_request")
 			return
 		}
 		if err := s.ServerRegistrar.RegisterServer(r.Context(), binding, input.ProtocolVersion, input.AssignmentReady, key, now); err != nil {
+			stage := "invalid"
 			if errors.Is(err, domain.ErrConflict) {
+				stage = "conflict"
 				writeError(w, http.StatusConflict, "conflict")
 			} else {
 				writeError(w, http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "invalid_request")
 			}
+			s.logEvent(observability.Event{Event: "server_register", MatchID: binding.MatchID, ServerID: parts[0], Stage: stage, OccurredAt: now})
 			return
 		}
+		readyStage := "process_ready"
+		if input.AssignmentReady {
+			readyStage = "assignment_ready"
+		}
+		s.logEvent(observability.Event{Event: "server_register", MatchID: binding.MatchID, ServerID: parts[0], Stage: readyStage, OccurredAt: now, Fields: map[string]any{"protocol_version": input.ProtocolVersion}})
 		w.WriteHeader(http.StatusNoContent)
 		return
 	}
@@ -459,6 +482,7 @@ func (s *Service) serverMutation(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 	if input.MatchID == "" || binding.MatchID != input.MatchID || len(input.ResultNonce) < 16 || len(input.ResultNonce) > 128 || input.Score.Team0 < 0 || input.Score.Team1 < 0 || (input.IntegrityState != domain.IntegrityCertified && input.IntegrityState != domain.IntegritySuppressed && input.IntegrityState != domain.IntegrityReview) {
+		s.logEvent(observability.Event{Event: "server_result", MatchID: binding.MatchID, ServerID: parts[0], Stage: "rejected", OccurredAt: now})
 		writeError(w, http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "invalid_request")
 		return
 	}
@@ -469,13 +493,17 @@ func (s *Service) serverMutation(w http.ResponseWriter, r *http.Request) {
 		return
 	}
 	if err := s.ResultSubmitter.SubmitResult(r.Context(), key, result, binding, payload, now); err != nil {
+		stage := "invalid"
 		if errors.Is(err, domain.ErrResultConflict) || strings.Contains(err.Error(), "conflict") {
+			stage = "conflict"
 			writeError(w, http.StatusConflict, "conflict")
 		} else {
 			writeError(w, http.StatusUnprocessableEntity, "invalid_request")
 		}
+		s.logEvent(observability.Event{Event: "server_result", MatchID: binding.MatchID, ServerID: parts[0], Stage: stage, OccurredAt: now})
 		return
 	}
+	s.logEvent(observability.Event{Event: "server_result", MatchID: binding.MatchID, ServerID: parts[0], Stage: "accepted", OccurredAt: now, Fields: map[string]any{"integrity_state": string(input.IntegrityState), "team_0": input.Score.Team0, "team_1": input.Score.Team1}})
 	w.WriteHeader(http.StatusAccepted)
 }
 
diff --git a/server/api/service_test.go b/server/api/service_test.go
index 8858ae3d..1619a38b 100644
--- a/server/api/service_test.go
+++ b/server/api/service_test.go
@@ -2,10 +2,12 @@ package api
 
 import (
 	"bufio"
+	"bytes"
 	"context"
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"errors"
+	"fmt"
 	"io"
 	"net"
 	"net/http"
@@ -15,6 +17,7 @@ import (
 	"time"
 
 	"github.com/cosmic-clash/cosmic-clash/server/domain"
+	"github.com/cosmic-clash/cosmic-clash/server/observability"
 )
 
 type queueBackendSpy struct{ createCalls, heartbeatCalls, cancelCalls, getCalls int }
@@ -1067,6 +1070,86 @@ func TestContractServerRoutesAdaptTwoSegmentPaths(t *testing.T) {
 	response.Body.Close()
 }
 
+// TestServerMutationLoggingNeverLeaksRequestSecrets is a secret canary: it
+// drives the register and result routes end to end with realistic-looking
+// bearer tokens and a result nonce, captures every event actually emitted
+// through Service.Log during those real requests, and asserts the literal
+// secret values never appear anywhere in the encoded output -- not just that
+// observability.redact() strips a synthetic value under a known key name (see
+// TestEncodeCorrelatesStagesAndRedactsNestedCredentials in the observability
+// package for that narrower unit test).
+func TestServerMutationLoggingNeverLeaksRequestSecrets(t *testing.T) {
+	const bearerToken = "wl-canary-secret-do-not-log-9f8e7d6c5b4a"
+	const resultNonce = "nonce-canary-secret-value-1a2b3c4d5e6f"
+	now := time.Unix(1000, 0).UTC()
+	binding := domain.WorkloadBinding{AllocationID: "allocation-1", MatchID: "match-1", ServerID: "server-1"}
+	registrar := &serverRegistrarSpy{}
+	submitter := &resultSubmitterSpy{}
+	var captured [][]byte
+	service := &Service{
+		Now: func() time.Time { return now },
+		WorkloadVerify: func(token string, _ time.Time) (domain.WorkloadBinding, error) {
+			if token != bearerToken {
+				return domain.WorkloadBinding{}, errors.New("bad token")
+			}
+			return binding, nil
+		},
+		ServerRegistrar: registrar,
+		ResultSubmitter: submitter,
+		Log: func(event observability.Event) {
+			payload, err := observability.Encode(event)
+			if err != nil {
+				t.Fatalf("encode event: %v", err)
+			}
+			captured = append(captured, payload)
+		},
+	}
+	server := httptest.NewServer(service.Handler())
+	defer server.Close()
+
+	registerBody := `{"match_id":"match-1","protocol_version":1,"image_digest":"sha256:aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa","assignment_ready":true}`
+	req, _ := http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, server.URL+"/v1/servers/server-1/register", strings.NewReader(registerBody))
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+bearerToken)
+	req.Header.Set("Idempotency-Key", "canary-register-key-1")
+	response, err := http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil || response.StatusCode != http.StatusNoContent {
+		t.Fatalf("register status=%v err=%v", response.StatusCode, err)
+	}
+	response.Body.Close()
+
+	resultBody := fmt.Sprintf(`{"match_id":"match-1","result_nonce":%q,"score":{"team_0":3,"team_1":2},"integrity_state":"CERTIFIED"}`, resultNonce)
+	req, _ = http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, server.URL+"/v1/servers/server-1/result", strings.NewReader(resultBody))
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer "+bearerToken)
+	req.Header.Set("Idempotency-Key", "canary-result-key-1234")
+	response, err = http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil || response.StatusCode != http.StatusAccepted {
+		t.Fatalf("result status=%v err=%v", response.StatusCode, err)
+	}
+	response.Body.Close()
+
+	// An unauthorized attempt must also log nothing sensitive -- it's the one
+	// call site handling a token that never even verified successfully.
+	req, _ = http.NewRequest(http.MethodPost, server.URL+"/v1/servers/server-1/register", strings.NewReader(registerBody))
+	req.Header.Set("Authorization", "Bearer wrong-"+bearerToken)
+	req.Header.Set("Idempotency-Key", "canary-register-key-2")
+	response, err = http.DefaultClient.Do(req)
+	if err != nil || response.StatusCode != http.StatusUnauthorized {
+		t.Fatalf("unauthorized register status=%v err=%v", response.StatusCode, err)
+	}
+	response.Body.Close()
+
+	if len(captured) == 0 {
+		t.Fatal("no events were logged; the canary can't prove anything")
+	}
+	all := string(bytes.Join(captured, []byte("\n")))
+	if strings.Contains(all, bearerToken) {
+		t.Fatalf("bearer token leaked into logged events: %s", all)
+	}
+	if strings.Contains(all, resultNonce) {
+		t.Fatalf("result nonce leaked into logged events: %s", all)
+	}
+}
+
 func TestServerRegistrationAPIRequiresBoundWorkloadAndValidDigest(t *testing.T) {
 	now := time.Unix(1000, 0).UTC()
 	binding := domain.WorkloadBinding{AllocationID: "allocation-1", MatchID: "match-1", ServerID: "server-1"}
diff --git a/server/cmd/control-plane/main.go b/server/cmd/control-plane/main.go
index 7a22c32a..2493944d 100644
--- a/server/cmd/control-plane/main.go
+++ b/server/cmd/control-plane/main.go
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/cosmic-clash/cosmic-clash/server/api"
 	"github.com/cosmic-clash/cosmic-clash/server/migrations"
+	"github.com/cosmic-clash/cosmic-clash/server/observability"
 	"github.com/cosmic-clash/cosmic-clash/server/store"
 	_ "github.com/jackc/pgx/v5/stdlib"
 	"github.com/redis/go-redis/v9"
@@ -90,9 +91,21 @@ func newAPIHandler(db *sql.DB, indexes ...api.CandidateIndex) http.Handler {
 		CandidateIndex:   candidateIndex,
 		ProbeRecorder:    store.PostgresQueue{DB: db},
 		Now:              func() time.Time { return time.Now().UTC() },
+		Log:              logEvent,
 	}).Handler()
 }
 
+// logEvent writes one credential-safe structured event per line to stderr.
+// Best-effort: a logging failure must never fail or block the request it
+// describes, so encode errors are swallowed rather than surfaced.
+func logEvent(event observability.Event) {
+	payload, err := observability.Encode(event)
+	if err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+	fmt.Fprintln(os.Stderr, string(payload))
+}
+
 func envOrDefault(name, fallback string) string {
 	if value := os.Getenv(name); value != "" {
 		return value